EmployerKit Research

Sickness Absence Rates by Industry

How many days do workers take off sick in your sector? Which industries face the highest absence burden? And what does the SSP reform mean for your payroll from April 2026?

4.4

National avg days lost/worker

£568-£643

Avg cost per employee per year

8.9

Days lost: Public

3.6

Days lost: Professional

Key findings

Highest absence rate

Public administration and defence

8.9 days per worker. Short-term: 5.1d, long-term: 3.8d.

Top cause of absence

Minor illness (colds, flu etc.)

30% of all absence days. Mental health accounts for a further 9.8%.

SSP reform: April 2026

Day one SSP now in effect

The 3-day waiting period is removed. Every sickness day triggers SSP from the first day of absence.

Days lost per worker by sector

Estimated working days lost per employee per year due to sickness absence

8+ days
6.5-7.9 days
5-6.4 days
Under 5 days

Causes of absence

Share of all absence days by underlying cause

Minor illness (colds, flu etc.)
30%
Musculoskeletal problems
15.5%
Other conditions
15.1%
Mental health (stress, anxiety, depression)
9.8%
Respiratory conditions
7.3%

Estimate your absence cost

Select your sector and headcount to see estimated annual absence costs

Estimate your absence cost

50
5500

220

Estimated days lost per year

£59,796

Estimated total annual cost

Days lost per worker4.4 days
Direct cost (salary only)£33,220
True cost (inc. management, cover)£59,796

True cost applies a 1.8x multiplier to direct salary cost, reflecting management time, temporary cover, reduced productivity and HR involvement. Based on CIPD estimates.

In effect April 2026

SSP is now payable from day one of absence

The Employment Rights Act 2025 removed the three-day waiting period for Statutory Sick Pay from April 6, 2026. Employees who earn above the lower earnings threshold (previously a qualifying condition) are also now eligible from their first day of employment.

What changes

SSP payable from day 1 at £123.25 per week. Previously days 1-3 were unpaid waiting days. No lower earnings threshold to qualify.

Who is most affected

High-absence sectors: public admin, health and social care, education and transport face the biggest cost increase per employee.

What to do

Update your sickness absence policy, payroll records and self-certification procedure. Review your absence trigger points and return-to-work process.

Read the full SSP guide

Everything you need to know about Statutory Sick Pay from April 2026 and what it means for your business.

Methodology and sources

ONS Sickness Absence in the UK Labour Market: 2024; CIPD Health and Wellbeing at Work 2025; HMRC guidance on SSP rates 2026-27. Last updated April 2026. Sector estimates based on ONS sickness absence rates applied to average working days. Full breakdown: ONS Sickness Absence in the UK Labour Market 2024. Public sector and health/social work have the highest absence rates at 2.9% of hours (ONS 2024). Private sector overall: 1.8%. Civil servants: 8.2 average working days lost (year to March 2025). Last updated: 2026-04-10.

Sources: ONS Sickness Absence Statistics | CIPD Health and Wellbeing Report